So, I'm not totally up on all the limitations that are imposed on CES, but I'm going to bet the issue is that the port you're using isn't allowed outbound from the cloud instance firewalls.
514/UDP might be open, as that's the standard syslog port.
If that's the case you could PAT 514 coming in to your firewall to whatever port QRadar is listening on...
They do offer a site-to-site VPN option for this sort of traffic.
https://docs.ces.cisco.com/docs/site-to-site-vpn