- Open Shortest Path First Version3 (OSPFv3)
- OSPFv3 Features:
- OSPFv3 Router Types:
- OSPFv3 LSA Types:
- Configuring OSPFv3:
- OSPFv3 Vs OSPFv2
- OSPFv3 Stub Routing
- OSPFv3 Route Summarization:
- OSPFv3 Route Filtering:
- Related Information:
Open Shortest Path First Version3 (OSPFv3)
Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv3) is a link state protocol that supports IPv6 and as well as IPv4.OSPF version 3 differs from OSPF version 2 for IPv4 as some changes have been incorporated to facilitate IPv6.
.
OSPFv3 Features:
RFC 2740 discuss in detail about the modifcations made in OSPF to support IPv6. Some of them are highlighted here.
- Addressing semantics have been removed from OSPF packets and the basic LSAs. New LSAs have been created to carry IPv6 addresses and prefixes.
- OSPF now runs on a per-link basis, instead of on a per-IP-subnet basis. Flooding scope for LSAs has been generalized.
- Authentication has been removed from the OSPF protocol itself, instead relying on IPv6's Authentication Header an Encapsulating Security Payload.
- Most packets in OSPF for IPv6 are almost as compact as those in OSPF for IPv4, even with the larger IPv6 addresses. Most field-XSand packet-size limitations present in OSPF for IPv4 have been relaxed.
- In addition, option handling has been made more flexible
- OSPFv3 forms neighbor adjacencies using IPv6 Link-local addresses
- OSPFv3 is enabled per interface basis unlike using network command in case of OSPF for IPv4.
OSPFv3 Router Types:
The below figure shows OSPFv3 router types:
-> Internal router: Any router whose all interface belongs to the same area. These routers keep only one link-state database
-> ABR: Router that is connected to more than one area, in which one area is Area 0.These router maintain a link state database for each area they belong to. These router generate summary LSAs
-> Backbone Router: Router with at least one interface attached to Area 0
-> ASBR: Router that inject external LSAs into the OSPF database via redistributing other protocol into OSPF domain.
OSPFv3 LSA Types:
OSPFV3 has same structure and concept as OSPFv2.Nine LSAs that can be used in OSPFv3
| LSA NAME |
LS TYPE |
DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|---|
| Router LSA | 0x2001 | Define state of router interface |
| Network LSA | 0x2002 | DR router generate this LSA in broadcast network |
| Interarea-prefix LSA | 0x2003 | Routes to prefixes in other areas |
| Interarea-router LSA | 0x2004 | Routes to routers in other areas |
| AS external LSA | 0x2005 | Routes to networks external to the AS |
| Group Membership LSA | 0x2006 | Networks that contain multicast groups |
| NSSA Type 7 LSA | 0x2007 | Routes to networks external to the AS,injected in the NSSA |
| Link LSA | 0x2008 | Link-local addresses and list IPv6 prefixes associates with the link |
| Inter-area-prefix LSA | 0x2009 | IPv6 prefixes associated with a router,stub network or an associated transit network segment |
Configuring OSPFv3:
To Configure OSPFv3 refer Sample Configuration for OSPFv3
OSPFv3 Vs OSPFv2
To know the differences between OSPFv3 and OSPFv2 refer Comparing OSPFv3 & OSPFv2 Routing Protocol
OSPFv3 Stub Routing
OSPFv3 supports the stub, totally stubby and not so stubby (NSSA) areas in the same way as OSPFV2. To configure OSPFv3 stub routing
refer IPv6 OSPF/v3: Case Study
OSPFv3 Route Summarization:
OSPF is link state routing protocol that works on the concept of areas. All routers in area must have same LSDB (link state database); hence OSPF summarization can do only on the border routers. There are two types of summarization you can do in OSPFv3:
•Inter-area route summarization
•External route summarization:
You configure inter-area route summarization on ABRs, summarizing routes between areas in the autonomous system. To take advantage of summarization, assign network numbers in areas in a contiguous way to be able to lump these addresses into one range.
External route summarization is specific to external routes that are injected into OSPFv3 using route redistribution. You should make sure that external ranges that are being summarized are contiguous. Summarizing overlapping ranges from two different routers could cause packets to be sent to the wrong destination. Configure external route summarization on ASBRs that are redistributing routes into OSPF.
OSPFv3 Route Filtering:
The OSPF algorithm requires that every router in an area must see exactly the same list of link state advertisements. Otherwise there is a serious risk that routing within this area will become unstable and perhaps generate loops. So there is no way to prevent a router from distributing the LSA information that it has received from other routers in the same area.However, because OSPF keeps the LSA database separate from the routing table, you can use a "distribute-list" command to prevent the router from installing particular routes in its own routing table.
Related Information:
OSPFv3 Support for Address Families
Troubleshooting OSPFv3 Neighbor Adjacencies
Base Initial configuration: