Check the output of the command "sh voice port summ". The Admin and Oper state should say up/dorm as below.
R6-PR3-Dallas#sh vo po summ
IN OUT
PORT CH SIG-TYPE ADMIN OPER STATUS STATUS EC
========= == ============ ===== ==== ======== ======== ==
1/0/0 -- fxs-ls up dorm on-hook idle y
1/0/1 -- fxs-ls up dorm on-hook idle y
If you pickup the handset on the bad FXS port, does the Oper state change to "up". Does the IN STATUS change to off-hook?
If it doesn't, then check the RJ-11 cable between the FXS port and the analog phone. Also use a known good analog phone. If the cable and phone are good, replace the VIC card.