Hi Michael,
Could you please give a bit more detail about the IOS versions you have tried? I understand that the 3750 is running 12.2(50)SE3 and the 3560V2 is running 12.2(55)SE1. You mentioned a downgrade of IOS solved the issue. Which device did you downgrade and to which version?
Have you changed the configuration on either switches to solve the issue or before/after the downgrade?
Do you see a similar error message on the other side of the link as well?
What's the configuration of interface Gi1/0/16? What's the config on the other side? Are the 2 ports having the same configuration?
It seems like the interfaces on the 2 switches are not configured with the same vlans (or native vlan) and it causes the issue of STP detecting an unexpected vlan id on the interface.
http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Support/Errordecoder/index.cgi?caller=pluginredirector&action=search&locale=en&index=all&counter=0&paging=5&sa=Submit&query=SPANTREE-2-RECV_PVID_ERR
1. %SPANTREE-2-RECV_PVID_ERR: Received BPDU with inconsistent peer vlan id [dec] on [chars] [chars].
The listed interface received an SSTP BPDU that is tagged with a VLAN ID that does not match the VLAN ID on which the BPDU was received. This occurs when the native VLAN is not consistently configured on both ends of an IEEE 802.1Q trunk. [dec] is the VLAN ID, the first [chars] is the port, and the second [chars] is the VLAN.
Recommended Action: Verify that the configurations of the native VLAN ID is consistent on the interfaces on each end of the IEEE 802.1Q trunk connection. When the configurations are consistent, spanning tree automatically unblocks the interfaces.
Best regards,
Andras