I know this is a 2+ year old post, but did you ever find a resolution to this? I'm having the same problem but it's with Win11 23H2, ISE 3.3 and Secure Client version 5.1.4.74.
None of my specs match the Cisco Bug report: Cisco Bug: CSCwc76493 - Windows 11 : Patch Management Check Failure
But the failure in ISE is reported as "pm_uptodate_v4_WindowsUpdateAgent_10_x", which is the exact same failure as that bug report. All of my Windows 10 systems are passing the same patch test just fine.