IntroductionOSPF, being a link-state protocol, allows for every router in the network to know of every link and OSPF speaker in the entire network. From this picture each router independently runs the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm to determine ...

We all know that we our providers require BGP to connect to the internet, but it's not always so clear on how to fit this into the rest of our enterprise. Things get particularly tricky when we want to connect to the internet in different geographic ...

One of the biggest challenges in troubleshooting is understanding expected behavior. If we don't know what it is supposed to look like in the working state, how can we tell if we are in a broken state?In this document we will explore label operations...

The ProblemEnter EVCsHow It Works (Ingress)How It Works (Egress)Step-by-Step ExampleFinal Thoughts The ProblemOn traditional switches whenever we have a trunk interface we use the VLAN tag to demultiplex the VLANs. The switch needs to determine which...

The sheer number of bits in an IPv6 address can make IPv6 subnetting intimidating at best. With the addition of a new addressing scheme it's easy to get lost trying to break up your brand new /48 address across your enterprise.The New Boss, Same as t...