Can you conform that you have the 3DES-AES license installed?
My ASA 5506-x with a slightly older version does support the TLS1.2 setting:
asa5506-lab# sh run boot
boot system disk0:/asa9-15-1-7-lfbff-k8.SPA
asa5506-lab# sho ver | i AES
Encryption-3DES-AES : Enabled perpetual
asa5506-lab# sh run | i server-version
ssl server-version tlsv1.2
asa5506-lab#
I updated it since it's just a lab ASA and it still supports 1.2:
asa5506-lab# sh ver | i SPA
System image file is "disk0:/asa9-16-2-14-lfbff-k8.SPA"
asa5506-lab# sh run | i server-version
ssl server-version tlsv1.2
asa5506-lab#