Hi  PC A >>>>> R >>>>>>>R2 > R3> >>R4>>> google.com If I ping from my laptop PC A  to google.com with TTL value 0 then My packet is going out of interface and R is replying ICMP TTL time exceeded. How come PC A forwarded packet?   If I send ping -...

R1>>R2>>R3>>>R4  All are in same Area 0 . Here if I configure R4 interface as Passive interface then R4 doesnot send any Route updates. As expected.  But why R1 link state DB is not updating ? why it still shows R4 info in R1 LSDb?    If I configur...

In 8021.x ,  Who starts first EAPOL message ? when we configure PC nd connect to switch ? switch once port comes up or once PC link comes up ??  When we configure PC to switch and authenticated by RADIUS sefvver now remove the PC from that port where...

Hi  If a switch or router learns ARP entry dynamic in arp table. Then my doubts (1) if box is rebooted with 10 ARP dynamic entries then after box comes up will it have all arp entry ? (2) If I should down an interface or remove ip address why ARP t...