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Steps and impacts during ASA FTD 5516 UPGRADING FROM v6 to v7

amralrazzaz
Level 5
Level 5

 I have Firewall model Cisco ASA5516-X Threat Defense with IOS software version 6.6.5.1-15 and ill do upgrade to IOS version Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1-84.sh.REL.tar so i need help to get the correct steps to follow in sequence and also my question about upgrading from V6  to V7 what are the impact ill face ?

will setting and current configurations be lost during the upgrade ? if yes , then what shall i do ! if i took back from v6 shall it be worked after upgrade to restore the configurations or i have to reconfigure it from scratch !?

will Smart net and base license will lost during the upgrade!?

amralrazzaz_0-1698701122501.png

 

amr alrazzaz
27 Replies 27

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf$ dir
Cisco_FTD_Hotfix_DA-6.6.5.2 VDB_update_info.txt last_update_info.json sru-2022-03-28-001-vrt
Cisco_FTD_Patch-6.6.5.1 current_cancel_status.log policy_deployment.log sru-2023-10-25-001-vrt
Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-6.6.5 current_update_status.log policy_deployment.log.1.gz ts_results
Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698924488.rollback db_manage.log policy_deployment.log.2.gz upgrade_status_api_stack.log
Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback fdm_upgrade_status.log policy_deployment.log.3.gz vdb-4.5.0-336
Cleanup_23.11.02_11.08.56.log ftd-upgrade-stack.log policy_deployment.log.4.gz vdb-4.5.0-353
Cleanup_23.11.02_14.01.09.log geodb-2022-03-28-002 prev_vdb-4.5.0-336_logdir__20211221_112725.tgz vdb-4.5.0-374
GeoDB_update_info.txt geodb-2023-10-05-100 sru-2020-08-18-001-vrt verify_file_integ.log
SW_update_info.txt initial_setup.log sru-2021-05-03-001-vrt verify_signature.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf$

amr alrazzaz

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf$ dir ls -l /var/log/sf/
dir: cannot access ls: No such file or directory
/var/log/sf/:
total 864
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Dec 21 2021 Cisco_FTD_Hotfix_DA-6.6.5.2
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Dec 21 2021 Cisco_FTD_Patch-6.6.5.1
drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 Dec 21 2021 Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-6.6.5
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Nov 2 11:28 Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698924488.rollback
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Nov 2 14:20 Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Nov 2 11:08 Cleanup_23.11.02_11.08.56.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Nov 2 14:01 Cleanup_23.11.02_14.01.09.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 www www 50 Oct 29 23:06 GeoDB_update_info.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 www www 45 Dec 21 2021 SW_update_info.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 www www 39 Mar 30 2022 VDB_update_info.txt
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 92 Nov 2 14:20 current_cancel_status.log -> /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/cumulative_upgrade_rollback.log
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 79 Nov 2 14:20 current_update_status.log -> /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1867 Nov 2 13:58 db_manage.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8687 Nov 2 14:20 fdm_upgrade_status.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 www www 100621 Nov 2 14:01 ftd-upgrade-stack.log
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 30 2022 geodb-2022-03-28-002
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 29 23:06 geodb-2023-10-05-100
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 0 Jan 10 2021 initial_setup.log
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 80 Nov 2 14:20 last_update_info.json -> /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.json
-rw-rw-r-- 1 www www 276774 Nov 2 14:20 policy_deployment.log
-rw-rw-r-- 1 www www 320 Oct 28 15:40 policy_deployment.log.1.gz
-rw-rw-r-- 1 www www 367 Oct 22 15:33 policy_deployment.log.2.gz
-rw-rw-r-- 1 www www 312 Oct 14 15:02 policy_deployment.log.3.gz
-rw-rw-r-- 1 www www 363 Oct 8 14:47 policy_deployment.log.4.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 261819 Dec 21 2021 prev_vdb-4.5.0-336_logdir__20211221_112725.tgz
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 10 2021 sru-2020-08-18-001-vrt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 21 2021 sru-2021-05-03-001-vrt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 30 2022 sru-2022-03-28-001-vrt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 29 23:34 sru-2023-10-25-001-vrt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 2 14:03 ts_results
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22219 Dec 21 2021 upgrade_status_api_stack.log
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Dec 21 2021 vdb-4.5.0-336
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Mar 30 2022 vdb-4.5.0-353
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 29 23:16 vdb-4.5.0-374
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5374 Nov 2 14:22 verify_file_integ.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 73402 Nov 2 13:58 verify_signature.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf$ ls -l /var/log/sf/

amr alrazzaz

The log in your most recent rollback folder would be the one to look at. Your directory output shows it as a symbolic link:

current_update_status.log -> /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ dir
000_start 800_post error_gui_msg.ext ims.conf-from-new-rpms status.log var_files.log
200_pre DBCheck.log etc.before ims.conf.from-preinstall system_snapshot_at_failure.log
300_os bailout.log failed.log main_upgrade_script.log upgrade_rollback.log
475_schema_downgrade cumulative_upgrade_rollback.log finished_kickstart.flag maint_state upgrade_status.json
500_rpms error_exit flags.conf pmtool_status_0 upgrade_status.log
600_schema error_gui_msg http_enable rpm_log_dir var_dirs.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ cd ^C
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ cd upgrade_status.log
bash: cd: upgrade_status.log: Not a directory
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ dir upgrade_status.log
upgrade_status.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ cd upgrade_status.log
bash: cd: upgrade_status.log: Not a directory
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ cd 500_rpms
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/500_rpms$ cd upgrade_status.log
bash: cd: upgrade_status.log: No such file or directory
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/500_rpms$ dir
001_clean_up_ddd.sh.log 107_restore_sftunnel.sh.log 200_remove_snort.sh.log 500_install_files.sh.log
100_install_rpms.sh.log 108_restore_iptables.sh.log 201_install_snort_dynamic_preprocessors.sh.log 550_configure_mysql.pl.log
100_restore_configs.sh.log 110_generate_dbaccess.sh.log 210_backup_gwt_files.sh.log 800_update_slackpackages_ftd.sh.log
101_install_fsic.sh.log 111_restore_connector_config.sh.log 215_update_mysql.sh.log
105_restore_symlinks.sh.log 111_restore_connector_config_FMC.sh.log 216_update_monetdb.sh.log
106_restore_SFDC.sh.log 200_remove_dynpre.sh.log 300_examine_vmware_tools.sh.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/500_rpms$ ^C
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/500_rpms$

amr alrazzaz

/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log

...is a text file. Please share that.


Note - your posting of entire directory listings as rich text in the replies makes them very hard to read. Please learn to use the "Insert/Edit code sample" button in the reply dialog box or else attach lengthy text output as a plain text file.

When upgrading any system you need to get used to reading the release notes.  These tell you exactly how to upgrade and if you can go directly to a version or if you need to jump to one version before going to the final version.

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/security/firepower/70/relnotes/firepower-release-notes-700/upgrade.html

Also, FTD underlying OS is Linux based so use Linux commands.  Preferably extract the /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log file and share it here.  Optionally you can use "less" without the quotes to read the file in the CLI.

--
Please remember to select a correct answer and rate helpful posts

this is what i got for the same path

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ dir
000_start 800_post error_gui_msg.ext ims.conf-from-new-rpms status.log var_files.log
200_pre DBCheck.log etc.before ims.conf.from-preinstall system_snapshot_at_failure.log
300_os bailout.log failed.log main_upgrade_script.log upgrade_rollback.log
475_schema_downgrade cumulative_upgrade_rollback.log finished_kickstart.flag maint_state upgrade_status.json
500_rpms error_exit flags.conf pmtool_status_0 upgrade_status.log
600_schema error_gui_msg http_enable rpm_log_dir var_dirs.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ cd upgrade_status.log
bash: cd: upgrade_status.log: Not a directory

 

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/500_rpms$ dir
001_clean_up_ddd.sh.log 107_restore_sftunnel.sh.log 200_remove_snort.sh.log 500_install_files.sh.log
100_install_rpms.sh.log 108_restore_iptables.sh.log 201_install_snort_dynamic_preprocessors.sh.log 550_configure_mysql.pl.log
100_restore_configs.sh.log 110_generate_dbaccess.sh.log 210_backup_gwt_files.sh.log 800_update_slackpackages_ftd.sh.log
101_install_fsic.sh.log 111_restore_connector_config.sh.log 215_update_mysql.sh.log
105_restore_symlinks.sh.log 111_restore_connector_config_FMC.sh.log 216_update_monetdb.sh.log
106_restore_SFDC.sh.log 200_remove_dynpre.sh.log 300_examine_vmware_tools.sh.log

can you be more specific if there are more command to write to get the output because only this what i got !!!

amr alrazzaz

As @Marius Gunnerud and I both mentioned yesterday, the file /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log is what we need to see.

Turn on logging all output in your ssh session and then, as root user in expert mode cli, please type the following:

cat /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log

Stop your logging and then open the resultant log file in a text editor on your computer. Select all the text and then paste it into your reply here using the </> icon to insert / edit code.

check this output : (note: the upgrading cancelling at 57% same as what shown below and on screenshot!)

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:~$ dir /var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback
000_start error_gui_msg pmtool_status_0
200_pre error_gui_msg.ext rpm_log_dir
300_os etc.before status.log
475_schema_downgrade failed.log system_snapshot_at_failure.log
500_rpms finished_kickstart.flag upgrade_rollback.log
600_schema flags.conf upgrade_status.json
800_post http_enable upgrade_status.log
DBCheck.log ims.conf-from-new-rpms var_dirs.log
bailout.log ims.conf.from-preinstall var_files.log
cumulative_upgrade_rollback.log main_upgrade_script.log
error_exit maint_state
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:~$ ^C
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:~$ dir /var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log
/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:~$ cd /var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log
bash: cd: /var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log: Not a directory
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:~$ tail -f /var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/upgrade_status.log
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:17 UTC 2023 PERCENT:52% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/450_remove_httpsd_age_log .sh... TIMEREMAIN:19 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:18 UTC 2023 PERCENT:55% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/720_update_devices.pl... TIMEREMAIN:18 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:22 UTC 2023 PERCENT:55% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/780_remove_future_flagsco nf.pl... TIMEREMAIN:18 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:24 UTC 2023 PERCENT:55% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/805_install_geolocation.p l... TIMEREMAIN:18 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:25 UTC 2023 PERCENT:55% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/810_update_ld_conf.sh... TIMEREMAIN:18 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:26 UTC 2023 PERCENT:55% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/850_clear_eula.sh... TIME REMAIN:18 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:26 UTC 2023 PERCENT:57% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/855_clean_firstboot_contr ol.sh... TIMEREMAIN:17 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:27 UTC 2023 PERCENT:57% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/870_update_fireamp_cert.s h... TIMEREMAIN:17 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:11:28 UTC 2023 PERCENT:57% MESSAGE:Running script 800_post/880_install_VDB.sh (in ba ckground: 800_post/100_ftd_onbox_data_import.sh)... TIMEREMAIN:17 mins
TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:19:29 UTC 2023 PERCENT:57% MESSAGE:Fatal error: The chosen certificate has already e xpired. Please apply an unexpired certificate. Error running script 800_post/100_ftd_onbox_data_import.sh. For more details see /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1/800_post/100_ftd_onbox_data_import.sh.log on the device being upgraded. TIMEREMAIN:

amralrazzaz_0-1698998302304.png

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:~$ dir /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/800_post
002_unpack_gwt_files.sh.log 080_clear_temp_si_dir.pl.log 109_drop_dns_partition_tables.pl.log 805_install_geolocation.pl.log
005_extra_peer_info.pl.log 097_upgrade_ssl_inspection.pl.log 150_install_infodb.sh.log 810_update_ld_conf.sh.log
010_update_vmware_tools.sh.log 100_600_update_correlation_rules.pl.log 250_dashboards.pl.log 850_clear_eula.sh.log
011_reconfigure_model_pack.sh.log 100_700_bias_free_naming.pl.log 304_beaker_process.pl.log 855_clean_firstboot_control.sh.log
016_fix_sru_import_log.pl.log 100_700_new_user_prefs.pl.log 305_stunnel_process.pl.log 870_update_fireamp_cert.sh.log
018_fix_ruleconfigs_in_layer.pl.log 100_add_filters.pl.log 450_remove_httpsd_age_log.sh.log 880_install_VDB.sh.log
020_670_fix_users_and_roles.pl.log 100_ftd_onbox_data_import.sh.log 720_update_devices.pl.log
020_700_fix_users_and_roles.pl.log 100_remove_casuser.pl.log 780_remove_future_flagsconf.pl.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:~$

How to extract content into text file !

amr alrazzaz

So the last line in the log file gives you information on why it fails:

TIMESTAMP:Thu Nov 2 14:19:29 UTC 2023 PERCENT:57% MESSAGE:Fatal error: The chosen certificate has already expired. Please apply an unexpired certificate. Error running script 800_post/100_ftd_onbox_data_import.sh. For more details see /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1/800_post/100_ftd_onbox_data_import.sh.log on the device being upgraded. 

Look more deeply into the log file recommended:

cat /ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1/800_post/100_ftd_onbox_data_import.sh.log

 

Please check this file for output and hope it could help ! thanks 

 

The chosen certificate has already expired. Please apply an unexpired certificate.
ValidationException: The chosen certificate has already expired. Please apply an unexpired certificate.
com.cisco.ngfw.onbox.importer.services.UpgradeSqliteImportService.importConfigFromSqlite(UpgradeSqliteImportService.java:190)
com.cisco.ngfw.onbox.importer.services.UpgradeSqliteImportService.importConfig(UpgradeSqliteImportService.java:134)
com.cisco.ngfw.onbox.importer.NGFWDBImporter.importConfigSqlite(NGFWDBImporter.java:315)
com.cisco.ngfw.onbox.importer.NGFWDBImporter.main(NGFWDBImporter.java:173)
Reporting error : The chosen certificate has already expired. Please apply an unexpired certificate.
Fatal error: The chosen certificate has already expired. Please apply an unexpired certificate.

amr alrazzaz

Thanks for support , would like to inform that issue has been resolved finally and issue was because the certificate was expired and need to be renewal and create new Self-Signed certificate with installation and then try to run the upgrade and it was working and ASA FTD has been upgraded to 7.0.1 successfully.

Useful links  used for certificate creation:

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/security-vpn/public-key-infrastructure-pki/215850-certificate-installation-and-renewal-on.html

https://getacert.com/signacert.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Exo6HW9c8h0&t=310s

 

amr alrazzaz

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf$ dir
Cisco_FTD_Hotfix_DA-6.6.5.2 VDB_update_info.txt last_update_info.json sru-2022-03-28-001-vrt
Cisco_FTD_Patch-6.6.5.1 current_cancel_status.log policy_deployment.log sru-2023-10-25-001-vrt
Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-6.6.5 current_update_status.log policy_deployment.log.1.gz ts_results
Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698924488.rollback db_manage.log policy_deployment.log.2.gz upgrade_status_api_stack.log
Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback fdm_upgrade_status.log policy_deployment.log.3.gz vdb-4.5.0-336
Cleanup_23.11.02_11.08.56.log ftd-upgrade-stack.log policy_deployment.log.4.gz vdb-4.5.0-353
Cleanup_23.11.02_14.01.09.log geodb-2022-03-28-002 prev_vdb-4.5.0-336_logdir__20211221_112725.tgz vdb-4.5.0-374
GeoDB_update_info.txt geodb-2023-10-05-100 sru-2020-08-18-001-vrt verify_file_integ.log
SW_update_info.txt initial_setup.log sru-2021-05-03-001-vrt verify_signature.log

 

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698924488.rollback$ dir
000_start 800_post error_gui_msg.ext ims.conf-from-new-rpms status.log var_files.log
200_pre DBCheck.log etc.before ims.conf.from-preinstall system_snapshot_at_failure.log
300_os bailout.log failed.log main_upgrade_script.log upgrade_rollback.log
475_schema_downgrade cumulative_upgrade_rollback.log finished_kickstart.flag maint_state upgrade_status.json
500_rpms error_exit flags.conf pmtool_status_0 upgrade_status.log
600_schema error_gui_msg http_enable rpm_log_dir var_dirs.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698924488.rollback$

 

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback$ dir
000_start 800_post error_gui_msg.ext ims.conf-from-new-rpms status.log var_files.log
200_pre DBCheck.log etc.before ims.conf.from-preinstall system_snapshot_at_failure.log
300_os bailout.log failed.log main_upgrade_script.log upgrade_rollback.log
475_schema_downgrade cumulative_upgrade_rollback.log finished_kickstart.flag maint_state upgrade_status.json
500_rpms error_exit flags.conf pmtool_status_0 upgrade_status.log
600_schema error_gui_msg http_enable rpm_log_dir var_dirs.log

 

admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/500_rpms$ dir
001_clean_up_ddd.sh.log 107_restore_sftunnel.sh.log 200_remove_snort.sh.log 500_install_files.sh.log
100_install_rpms.sh.log 108_restore_iptables.sh.log 201_install_snort_dynamic_preprocessors.sh.log 550_configure_mysql.pl.log
100_restore_configs.sh.log 110_generate_dbaccess.sh.log 210_backup_gwt_files.sh.log 800_update_slackpackages_ftd.sh.log
101_install_fsic.sh.log 111_restore_connector_config.sh.log 215_update_mysql.sh.log
105_restore_symlinks.sh.log 111_restore_connector_config_FMC.sh.log 216_update_monetdb.sh.log
106_restore_SFDC.sh.log 200_remove_dynpre.sh.log 300_examine_vmware_tools.sh.log
admin@EGCAI01-Firepower:/ngfw/var/log/sf/Cisco_FTD_Upgrade-7.0.1.1698934812.rollback/500_rpms$

 

 

 

amr alrazzaz
Review Cisco Networking for a $25 gift card