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"Did this command "access-list 41 permit 192.168.143.0 0.0.0.255" allow outbound and inbound traffic from the range of IP address 192.168.140.0 0.0.0.255? or only the inbound traffic?"
It depends how the ACL is applied. I.e. inbound or outbound.
As your ACL is a standard ACL, the ACL will match against source IP. So it would permit traffic from 192.168.143.0/24. Again, whether that's for inbound or outbound, depends on whether the ACL is applied for in or out. It also depends on whether it's an ingress or egress interface.
"I explain the device which is running this command had an IP 192.168.141.2, is it possible to access to the this router from this range of IP address 192.168.143.64/27? thanks."
Ah, but you didn't explain the topology or interface or in/out being used. That said, 192.168.143.64/27 is a subset of 192.168.143.0/24.