hi  there,                         can u help me to figure out y ring topology & hub topology are not supported in PDH?also no intercommunication btwn systems r alo not supported may i know y?

hi there,The IP defined in RFC 791 was the first widely-used version of the Internet Protocol. Interestingly, however, it is not version 1 of IP but version 4! This would of course imply that there were earlier versions of the protocol at one point. ...

hi there,               i wanna know wher protocols of all layers in OSI model reside. either these are firmware or embedded ? if anyof it wher would it b found in machine?? hope im clear...

hi there,how a port in a switch is blocked to avoid network loop? i too wanna know how a root port is chosen ...??     thank u