After pushing 2.5.3, did you remove it from the ASA? If so, you're probably running into:
CSCth83069 API fails to launch cached Downloader
The bug details don't mention this but this only causes a problem when the Downloader (which is part of the .pkg file) on the ASA is older than the one cached on the client. The bug is in Resolved state but the fix has not been released yet.
If the ASA still has 2.5.3 configured, then the above bug does not applie. In that case I'd suggest to check the Anyconnect event log, and/or open a TAC case.
hth
Herbert