Help with school project

[YL3]

I am currently working on a school project with the requirements of 

Your restaurant network will use IPv4 address ranges 10.10.1.0 to 10.10.1.255 (255.255.255.0)
while your web server connected to your restaurant router will use 10.10.2.100 (255.255.255.0).
All devices should be able to ping each other when it is configured and connected correctly.
There should be no need to do any IP address subnetting.

You should setup a HTTP web server in your restaurant network connected directly to your setup
router where your restaurant end device can see the webpage that has been setup (to simulate
the ordering platform). Use the Cisco Packet Tracer Simulation Mode for this assignment with
appropriate screenshots of the TCP/IP layers and explanations to illustrate the encapsulation and
de-encapsulation process for sending and receiving in order for your end device to access and see
the webpage when the user keys in http://10.10.2.100  in the browser URL.

I am not sure why the simulation mode came up errors and packet lost, while trying to visit the url it timed out

[Kasun Bandara · Accepted solution]

@YL3 hi, change your default gateway in server to 10.10.2.1.

[YL3]

@Kasun Bandara that solved the ping and url issue, but there still is errors in simulation 

1. The ICMP process replies to the Echo Request by setting ICMP type to Echo Reply.

2. The ICMP process sends an Echo Reply.

3. The device encapsulates the data into an IP packet.

4. The device looks up the destination IP address in the CEF table.

5. The CEF table does not have an entry for the destination IP address.

6. The device looks up the destination IP address in the routing table.

7. The routing table does not have a route to the destination IP address. The device drops the packet

Last device:Switch0 At device: Wireless Router0

1. The frame's destination MAC address matches the receiving port's MAC address, the broadcast address, or a multicast address.

2. The device does not have a service that accepts this frame. It drops the frame.

Last device:Switch0 At device: Router0 and Last device:Switch0 At device: PC0 

Is it possible to solve this? Thanks in advance.

[Daud Akbar]

Is this problem resolve or still pending
pl reply

[YL3]

Hi, sorry for the late reply the previous mentioned problems are still pending.

[YL3]

Sorry my previous question is dumb, ive changed the simulation mode now using only ARP, HTTP and ICMP. The problem is face is when i try pinging other device are,

1. The frame's destination MAC address matches the receiving port's MAC address, the broadcast address, or a multicast address.

2. The device decapsulates the PDU from the Ethernet frame.

3. The frame is an ARP frame. The ARP process processes it.

4. The ARP frame is a request.

5. The ARP request's target IP address does not match the receiving port's IP address.

6. The ARP process drops the frame.

Thanks in advance.

[Daud Akbar]

I have downloaded you network topology designed in packet tracer.  currently you are not using any routing protocol but both networks 10.10.1.x and 10.10.2.x connects each other through gateway (router).
Pl reply that what exactly you need to do because I didn't understand you point.  Do you want to check the communication through Simulation Mode in which you need ARP, ICMP and HTTP protocols working OR you want to check the mac address table, OR arp table or anything else.

Pl clarify your target and what command you are using currently.

[Daud Akbar · Accepted solution]

You know this is very important that you connect the both networks through gateway (router).  It is easy for small and static networks but for the scalability you need to have routing protocol configured in the router that have the dynamic updates from both subnets

Now what are the advantages and disadvantages of both scenarios i.e. 1. Network with just Gateway (router) OR 2. Network with routing protocol configured on router (eg. RIP, OSPF, BGP)

Static Routing (Router as Gateway)

How it works:

• Each network is on a different interface/subnet.
• Devices use router’s interface IP as their default gateway.
• ARP resolves the MAC address of the router’s interface.
• Switch builds the MAC table as it sees traffic from devices and router.

MAC Table Behavior:

• Switch learns MAC addresses from all hosts and the router interface MACs.
• No need to learn MACs from the remote subnet—only the router’s MAC is needed for inter-VLAN or inter-subnet traffic.

ARP Table Behavior:

• Hosts resolve only the router’s interface MAC (for the gateway).
• Router maintains ARP entries for each connected subnet.
• No ARP requests across subnets (since they are routed).

Summary:

Table	Where it Exists	Contents
MAC Table	Switch	MAC of local hosts + MAC of router interfaces
ARP Table	Host + Router	Host: router’s IP → MAC; Router: IP-MAC for connected hosts

Scenario 2: Dynamic Routing (Routing Protocol used)

How it works:

• Routers exchange route information.
• Hosts still use the router as their gateway, same as in Scenario 1.
• Only difference is how the router learns about other subnets.

MAC Table Behavior:

• No difference at Layer 2.
• Switch still sees only local MACs and router MAC.
• MAC learning is independent of routing protocol.

ARP Table Behavior:

• Hosts: same as before (resolve gateway/router MAC).
• Routers: may learn about remote subnets via OSPF/EIGRP/etc., but ARP is only used for directly connected subnets.

Important Point:

• Routing protocol doesn’t affect ARP directly.
• ARP resolution only happens for IP addresses on directly connected interfaces.
• For remote destinations, router finds the next hop in the routing table, then ARPs for that next-hop IP address if it’s directly connected.

Table	Where it Exists	Contents
MAC Table	Switch	No change — local MACs + router MAC
ARP Table	Host + Router	Hosts: gateway MAC; Router: ARP for connected next-hops

[Daud Akbar]

Final Comparison (MAC/ARP Focused)

Feature                                      Scenario 1 (Static Routing)                        Scenario 2 (Dynamic Routing)

MAC Table on Switch                  Learns host & router MACs                       Same

ARP Table on Hosts                    Contains only gateway (router) MAC          Same

ARP Table on Router                   For directly connected hosts only               Same; plus next-hop resolution via ARP

MAC/ARP Dependency on                       No                                        No

Routing Protocol

[Daud Akbar]

do let me know if its helpful

[YL3]

I have fixed it thx for the help.