1 and 3 command:
By default, secure MAC addresses are learned (in effect) permanently. Aging can be configured so that the addresses expire after a certain amount of time has passed. This allows a new host to take the place of one which has been removed. Aging can be configured to take effect at regular intervals, or only during periods of inactivity. The following example configures expiration of MAC addresses after five minutes of inactivity:
Switch(config-if)# switchport port-security aging time 5
Switch(config-if)# switchport port-security aging type inactivity
Switch(config-if)# ^Z
Switch# show port-security interface f0/13
Port Security : Enabled
Port Status : Secure-up
Violation Mode : Restrict
Aging Time : 5 mins
Aging Type : Inactivity
SecureStatic Address Aging : Disabled
Maximum MAC Addresses : 1
Total MAC Addresses : 1
Configured MAC Addresses : 0
Sticky MAC Addresses : 0
Last Source Address:Vlan : 001b.d41b.a4d8:10
Security Violation Count : 0
2 Command
Violation Mode
Port security can be configured to take one of three actions upon detecting a violation:
shutdown (default) ; The interface is placed into the error-disabled state, blocking all traffic. protect ; Frames from MAC addresses other than the allowed addresses are dropped; traffic from allowed addresses is permitted to pass normally. restrict ; Like protect mode, but generates a syslog message and increases the violation counter.
By changing the violation mode to restrict, we are still alerted when a violation occurs, but legitimate traffic remains unaffected:
Switch(config-if)# switchport port-security violation restrict
Switch(config-if)# ^Z
Switch#
%PORT_SECURITY-2-PSECURE_VIOLATION: Security violation occurred, caused by MAC address 0021.55c8.f13c on port FastEthernet0/13.
Switch# show port-security interface f0/13
Port Security : Enabled
Port Status : Secure-up
Violation Mode : Restrict
Aging Time : 0 mins
Aging Type : Absolute
SecureStatic Address Aging : Disabled
Maximum MAC Addresses : 1
Total MAC Addresses : 1
Configured MAC Addresses : 0
Sticky MAC Addresses : 0
Last Source Address:Vlan : 0021.55c8.f13c:10
Security Violation Count : 3
4 Command:
Use this interface configuration macro when connecting a desktop device such as a PC with a Cisco IP Phone to a switch port. This macro is an extension of the cisco-desktop macro and provides the same security and resiliency features, but with the addition of dedicated voice VLANs to ensure proper treatment of delay-sensitive voice traffic.
5 command
Spanning-tree PortFast causes a port to enter the spanning-tree forwarding state immediately, bypassing the listening and learning states. You can use PortFast on switch ports connected to a single workstation or server to allow those devices to connect to the network immediately, instead of waiting for the port to transition from the listening and learning states to the forwarding state.
Note::::::PortFast should be used only when connecting a single end station to a switch port. If you enable PortFast on a port connected to another networking device, such as a switch, you can create network loops.
When the switch powers up, or when a device is connected to a port, the port normally enters the spanning-tree listening state. When the forward delay timer expires, the port enters the learning state. When the forward delay timer expires a second time, the port is transitioned to the forwarding or blocking state.
When you enable PortFast on a port, the port is immediately and permanently transitioned to the spanning-tree forwarding state.
6 command:
You also can use the spanning-tree bpduguard enable interface configuration command to enable BPDU guard on any port without also enabling the Port Fast feature. When the port receives a BPDU, it is put in the error-disabled state.
Regards
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