Hi
Tranceiver is a general term which tells that the device has the capacity of both transmitting and recieving.
Mostly being referred in wireless and satellite comm devices .
AFAIK with ref to cisco its being used in the optical technology too wherein u got the tranceiver modules being deployed in all kinda optical fiber connectivity.
This link talks more inline with the cisco modules ..
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/modules/ps5455/prod_module_series_home.html
AFAIK transmode is something related to transmit mode or related to the config setting whichs done in the devices/equipments.not fully sure about that ..
regds