Per the compatibility matrix here, that is a supported combination (assuming it's a Cisco GLC-T transceiver). That particular model is not one with the dual-purpose uplink ports, otherwise you might need to add the "media-type" command (reference).
Have you tried patching a Cat 5 cable in on your copper transceiver and extending it to another switch? Do you get link? (I'd also try while hard coding the speed - shouldn't be necessary but can sometimes help.)
Does your log show any event when you insert a transceiver into its slot?
