Cisco Packet Tracer problem

[azux14]

Hey guys, 

I'm in College and quite bad at networking. I'm hoping you can help me. I had to design a network for small business which has 6 departments. I calculated the IPs and subnet masks for all departments. I've set the router to 192.168.1.1 and subnet mask to 255.255.255.192. When I try to ping from the PCs in Packet Tracker only the Software department gets a reply, all other pcs "request timed out". Can you please help ? When I changed the router subnet mask to default 255.255.255.0 the problem persists and only PCs labelled software get reply from router.

Second problem is, I set up the DNS server and configured the PCS but when I try to ping by name I get request timed out on all PCs.

Third issue I want to create VLANs can some please direct me to good tutorial?

Attached is my Packet Tracer file.

Thank you, your help would mean a lot.

**UPDATED

[Georg Pauwen]

Hello,

what are the requirements for your setup ? You say you have 5 departments, but I see 6 or 7 different names for your PCs ?

You need subinterfaces on the router, for each VLAN, for the inter-Vlan routing. You need VTP between the switches, and you need to assign the ports on the switches to the respective Vlans. In short, you need a plan first. I am not sure what your level of experience is, and if any of the above makes sense ?

[azux14]

Hi Greg,

Thanks for your reply, I mistyped my post it should of read 6 departments.
The requirement is that the network must support 1GBPs speeds, the network must be segmented using VLANS and/or subnetting. I have the range of IPs calculated for each department and same with Subnets but don't know how to put it all together in Packet Tracer.

I'm very new to this, been studying networking for a 2 months (1x1 hour a week). Is the equipment used in Packet Tracer correct or do I need to change router etc? if so could you please guide me if you don't mind.

Thank you

[azux14]

These are my calculations for IP range and subnets. I'm using star topology

Closest power of 2
Software	54	2^6 = 64
Hardware	14	2^4 = 16
Admin	11	2^4 = 16
Management	9	2^4 = 16
IT Staff	6	2^3 = 8
Finance	6	2^3 = 8

IP Address Ranges Class C Network
Software	192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.63	2^6 = 64
Hardware	192.168.1.64 to 192.168.1.79	2^4 = 16
Admin	192.168.1.80 to 192.168.1.95	2^4 = 16
Management	192.168.1.96 to 192.168.1.111	2^4 = 16
IT Staff	192.168.1.112 to 192.168.1.119	2^3 = 8
Finance	192.168.1.120 to 192.168.1.127	2^3 = 8

Subnet Mask, defaults subnet mask is 255.255.255.0
Software	255.255.255.11000000 to 255.255.255.192	2^6 = 64
Hardware	255.255.255.11110000 to 255.255.255.240	2^4 = 16
Admin	255.255.255.11110000 to 255.255.255.240	2^4 = 16
Management	255.255.255.11110000 to 255.255.255.240	2^4 = 16
IT Staff	255.255.255.11111000 to 255.255.255.248	2^3 = 8
Finance	255.255.255.11111000 to 255.255.255.248	2^3 = 8

[Georg Pauwen]

Hello,

thanks, that is very useful information. I'll put something together based on these requirements...

[azux14]

Hello,

Thanks a lot Greg ! I really appreciate your help

[Georg Pauwen]

Hello,

attached the revised topology. Your IP addressing scheme was 100% correct, so I have used that. I have created six VLANs, and configured your server as DHCP server for each VLAN/scope. All PCs are set to DHCP.

The routing is done on the router using subinterfaces and IP helper addresses for the DHCP to work.

The switches are configured as VTP server and clients, in order to propagate all VLANs to all switches.

The 'hardware' used is all Gigabit, but in real life, the devices used in Packet Tracer are very outdated and often not even available anymore. If you plan on purchasing new equipment, for the switches I would recommend the Catalyst 9000 series, and for the router the ISR 4000 series.

[azux14]

Hi Georg,

I'm so sorry I've been calling you Greg I just noticed. Thanks a lot for your help, its much appreciated. Does the set up allow me to ping lets say from PC in Finance to PC in Software? etc.? also could you help me set up the DNS and FTP server please. I've tried to set up the DNS but I keep getting an error

I also tried to Ping the router (10.10.10.1) from all PCs and it keeps timing out on Software and Software5

Thank you once again 

[Georg Pauwen]

The PCs in the Software VLAN (10) seem to not get the correct IP address from the DHCP server...I'll check why. 

[azux14]

Thanks a lot Georg ! Could you also send me some good link how to set up DNS and FTP please

[Georg Pauwen]

Here are some links:

How to configure FTP Server in Cisco Packet Tracer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mSZrOR6tsBA

DNS server configuration in Packet Tracer

https://computernetworking747640215.wordpress.com/2018/07/05/dns-server-configuration-in-packet-tracer/

[Georg Pauwen · Accepted solution]

Hello,

unfortunately Packet Tracer is full of quirks, since it is not using real routers but rather subsets of the IOS. One of these quirks seems to be that the DHCP server does not send along the default gateway for clients that are in the same VLAN as the DHCP server itself. I removed the scope for VLAN 10 (Software) from the DHCP server and configured it on the router (the IOS router can function as a DHCP server), so now your VLAN 10 clients get the correct IP address and gateway.

I have started the DNS and FTP service, and added one resource record to the DNS server. You need to add more, obviously, but it should work..

[azux14]

Thanks a lot for the resources. I will go ahead and try to configure the two servers, could you also provide me a tutorial on how to add a firewall?

Sorry to bother you, but I've tried again to ping 10.10.10.1 with software and software 5 but they still time out :( Can you please advise on what should I do? You can see I'm pretty clueless and this assignement is well outta my range.

Thank you once again, you Sir are a legend

[Georg Pauwen · Accepted solution]

Hello,

on the two PCs in the Software VLAN (10), change the settings to Static and then back to DHCP, they will then both get an IP address and the correct default gateway. As stated, Packet Tracer is quirky.

For the firewall, check the link below:

https://polar91.wordpress.com/2017/09/27/configuring-cisco-asa-5505-on-packet-tracer/

[azux14]

Hello,

Thanks a lot for all the help ! I did as you instructed and all PCs are able to communicate now. 

I'm going to add the firewall, ftp, dns and some printers now. If I run in to trouble can I post here?

**UPDATE - I've added the firewall so it looks like router ---> firewall <---- Server and the main multilayer switch connected to the firewall as well. When I try to configure the router port GigabitEthernet0/0 or 0/1 for firewall with ip address 192.168.1.1 .2 .3 .4 and so on and subnet of 255.255.255.0 or 255.255.255.192 I get an error "

% 192.168.1.0 overlaps with GigabitEthernet0/0.10" Any idea on how to solve it please?

I'm using the 5506 firewall as it has Gigabit ports

Thank you