Hi
A flash update is sent out when one of a router's directly attached links fails. In this case the router knows for sure the links is down (as opposed to a router losing a neighbor on a multiple-access segment where it must wait for the routes to expire normally).
It sends it out other active (RIP-running) interfaces to notify neighbors that the link is dead, and the update will usually be a poisoned (infinite metric) route. This update is sent out immediately (hence 'flash') instead of waiting for the next RIP update (e.g. 30 seconds).
Regards
Aaron
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Aaron
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