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Collect traffic statistics, yes and no. For the most part, counters just have current values which can be polled for, generally from an external SNMP management system, although later IOSs have scripting capabilities which, I believe, can poll locally and "decide" what to do with the data.
On such IOSs with scripting, I beleive it might be possible to script something like getting show interface and sending it somewhere, but SNMP stats would more what you would expect when "Service Provider".
There are some cumulative stats that can collected on the device, often by enabling configuration options. For instance one such option, Netflow, can kept some local information as well as exporting stats to a system designed to collect them.
If you want to pursue this question, suggest posting to Network Infrastructure - Network Management,
